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Video editing

Prompting AI tools for video editing when you are not an editor: how editors think about story, pacing and cuts, the vocabulary of shots, cuts, sound and color, the technical specs (frame rates, aspect ratios, codecs, export settings, captions), the professional workflow from assembly to delivery, and where AI helps: chat assistants for scripts, shot lists, paper edits and hooks, AI features inside editors, and video generators for B-roll, plus a staged prompt chain and prompt library that build every prompt on one skeleton. The general method is in Prompting fundamentals; animated graphics are in Motion design; scripts and social copy are in Content generation.

How experts think

Editors are storytellers first and technicians second. Before touching the timeline they decide what the video is about, who it is for, and what the viewer should feel; then every cut either serves that or goes.

QuestionWhy it comes firstExample answer
What is it about, in one sentence?the cut follows the story, not the order things were filmed"a baker explains why she quit finance, and what she'd tell her old self"
Who watches, where, on what?platform sets length, aspect ratio, pacing and sound-off viewingInstagram Reels, phones, often muted
How long?length decides what survives60 seconds
What is the hook?on feeds, viewers decide in the first seconds whether to keep watchingopen on her line "I made more money and hated every day"
What footage exists?coverage (the shots and angles available) limits what you can cut40 min interview, two angles, 15 min of bakery B-roll
What should the viewer feel at the end?sets music, pacing and the last shothopeful, a little defiant
What are the deliverables?formats, lengths, captions, versions9:16 60 s, 16:9 3 min, burned-in captions, SRT file

Frameworks editors use:

FrameworkWhat it saysAsk like
Walter Murch's rule of six (In the Blink of an Eye)an ideal cut serves, in priority order: emotion (51%), story (23%), rhythm (10%), eye-trace (7%), the two-dimensional plane of the screen (5%), three-dimensional space (4%); give up the lower ones first"Review these cut points by Murch's rule of six."
Kuleshov effectthe meaning of a shot changes with the shot next to it (Lev Kuleshov's experiments with one neutral face cut against different images)"Which B-roll changes how her line lands?"
Enter late, leave earlystart a scene or soundbite as late as possible and leave as soon as the point is made"Trim each soundbite to start late and end early."
Hook, body, payoff (also hook, build, payoff)short-form structure: grab, deliver value or tension, resolve"Structure the 60 s cut as hook, three beats, payoff."
Three-act structuresetup (who, and what is at stake), confrontation (the struggle or the turn), resolution (where it lands); it scales from a 60-second story to a feature"Order the soundbites in three acts and mark the turn."
Motivated cutsevery cut has a reason: new information, a reaction, action, rhythm"Give the motivation for each cut in this sequence."
Picture lock before polishfinish story and timing before sound, color and graphics"List what must be decided before picture lock."

Vocabulary

TermWhat it meansSay it like
A-rollthe main footage that carries the story: interview, presenter, dialogue"A-roll is the sit-down interview."
B-rollsupporting footage cut over or between A-roll: places, hands, details"Cover every jump in the A-roll with B-roll."
Coveragethe set of shots and angles filmed of a scene"We only have wide coverage of the kitchen."
Establishing shota wide shot that shows where we are"Open on an establishing shot of the street at dawn."
Shot sizehow much of the subject fills the frame (table below)"Cut from the wide to an MCU on her answer."
Insert, cutawaya close shot of a detail in the scene; a shot of something else, away from the action"Insert of the dough; cutaway to the clock."
Over-the-shoulder (OTS), POVframed past one person toward another; from a character's point of view"OTS for the questions, POV of the oven."
180° rulekeep the camera on one side of an imaginary line between two subjects, so they keep their screen positions"Check for any shot that crosses the 180° line."
30° rulechange the camera angle by at least about 30° between two shots of the same subject, or the cut looks like a mistake"Flag cuts between angles that are too similar."
Continuitydetails stay consistent across cuts: props, positions, light, eyelines"List continuity problems between takes 3 and 5."
Eyeline matcha cut from someone looking to what they see, matching the direction"Follow her glance with an eyeline match to the window."
Cutting on actioncutting during a movement so the motion hides the cut"Cut on action as she lifts the tray."
Match cuta cut between two shots linked by a matching shape, movement or sound"Match cut from the spinning mixer to a spinning record."
Jump cuta cut within the same shot that skips time, so the subject jumps"Jump cuts are fine in the vlog section; hide them in the interview."
J-cutthe next shot's audio starts before its picture"J-cut: hear the oven door before we see it."
L-cutthe picture changes while the previous shot's audio continues"L-cut: keep her voice over the B-roll of the street."
Smash cutan abrupt cut from one mood or sound level to a very different one"Smash cut from the quiet office to the loud kitchen."
Cross-cutting (parallel editing)alternating between two events happening at the same time"Cross-cut her old commute with her new 4 a.m. start."
Montagea sequence of short shots that compresses time or builds a feeling"A 15-second montage of the first year."
Transitionhow one shot becomes the next: cut, dissolve, fade, wipe"Hard cuts only; one fade to black at the end."
Pacingthe overall speed of the story: how fast information and shots arrive"Pace the opening fast, then let the middle breathe."
Rhythmthe timing pattern of cuts, often against music or speech"Cut on the downbeat in the montage."
Beata single moment of change in the story; also a musical beat"Each beat gets one soundbite and one B-roll shot."
Hookthe opening that makes people keep watching"Write 10 hooks under 8 words."
Cold openstarting with a scene before titles or intro"Cold open on the moment she hands in her badge."
Soundbitea short, usable piece of an interview answer"Pull the five strongest soundbites under 12 seconds."
Paper editthe edit planned on paper from a transcript: soundbites in order with timecodes"Build a paper edit from this transcript."
Selects, stringoutthe best takes pulled from all footage; those selects laid end to end"Make a stringout of all laughs."
Assembly, rough cut, fine cutfirst full order of material; story and structure working; every frame trimmed"This is a rough cut: comment on structure, not trims."
Picture lockno more changes to timing; sound and color start"Lock picture by Friday."
Timecodehours:minutes:seconds:frames address of each frame (01:02:10:05)"Give in and out points as timecode."
EDLedit decision list: a text file of every cut with source and record timecodes"Write a CMX 3600-style EDL from the paper edit."
Ripple, roll, slip, slidetrim that shifts everything after; move a cut point between two clips; change a clip's content without moving it; move a clip between its neighbors"Slip the B-roll so the hands are in frame."
Room tonethe recorded "silence" of a location, used to fill audio gaps"Fill the gaps with room tone, not silence."
Sound designthe effects and ambience that build a world: footsteps, doors, atmosphere"Add sound design: oven hum, tray clatter, street noise."
Music bedbackground music under speech"A light music bed under the interview."
Duckinglowering music automatically or by hand when someone speaks"Duck the music under every line of dialogue."
LUFSloudness units relative to full scale: a measure of perceived loudness"Mix to about −14 LUFS integrated, −1 dBTP true peak."
Color correctiontechnical fixes: exposure, white balance, contrast, matching shots"Correct and match all interview shots first."
Color gradingthe creative look on top of correction"Grade warm and soft, like early morning."
Log footagefootage recorded with a flat, low-contrast curve that keeps more dynamic range"The camera shot S-Log3; convert it before grading."
LUTlookup table: a file that maps input colors to output colors (technical conversion or creative look)"Apply the manufacturer's log-to-Rec.709 LUT, then grade."
Rec.709the standard color space for HD and most SDR web video"Deliver in Rec.709."
Scopesgraphs of brightness and color: waveform, RGB parade, vectorscope"Check skin tones on the vectorscope."
Frame rateframes per second (fps)"Edit at 23.976 to match the camera."
Shutter angle, 180° shutter rulehow long each frame is exposed; the rule sets shutter speed to 1 ÷ (2 × fps) for natural motion blur"Shoot 24 fps at 1/50 s."
Aspect ratioframe width to height: 16:9, 9:16, 4:5, 1:1"Make a 9:16 version with captions in the safe area."
Codec, containerhow video is compressed (H.264, ProRes); the file wrapper (MP4, MOV)"Export H.264 in an MP4 container."
Bit ratedata per second of video, in Mbps; higher keeps more detail"1080p at 8 Mbps for YouTube."
Proxya light, low-resolution copy of footage for smooth editing, swapped for the original at export"Make half-resolution ProRes Proxy files."
Captions vs subtitlestext of speech and sounds for viewers who can't hear; text of speech for viewers who don't understand the language"Closed captions with sound cues in an SRT file."
Open vs closed captionsburned into the picture vs a file viewers can turn on and off"Open captions for Reels; closed captions for YouTube."
Lower thirda name or title graphic in the lower part of the frame"Lower third with her name and bakery."
Punch-ina digital zoom into the same shot to fake a second angle"Punch in 120% on the key line."
Speed rampchanging playback speed smoothly within a clip"Speed ramp into slow motion as the flour drops."

Shot sizes

ShotAbbreviationFramesUse
Extreme wideEWS, ELSthe place, people smallscale, establishing
Wide (full)WS, LSwhole body with spaceaction, geography
Medium wide (cowboy)MWS, MLSknees or mid-thigh upmovement plus expression
MediumMSwaist upconversation, presenter
Medium close-upMCUchest upinterviews
Close-upCUfaceemotion, emphasis
Extreme close-upECUeyes, hands, a detailintensity, texture
EWS · the place scale, establishing WS · whole body action, geography MWS · knees up movement and face MS · waist up conversation MCU · chest up interviews CU · the face emotion, emphasis ECU · a detail intensity, texture wider shows where we are; tighter shows what they feel cut between sizes, e.g. WS to MCU
The same person at seven shot sizes: wider shows where we are, tighter shows what they feel.

The workflow

StageWhat happensWhere AI helps
1. Ingest and organizecopy cards with verification, back up (two copies minimum), name files, sort into binsnaming schemes, folder templates
2. Sync and transcribesync separate audio by waveform or timecode; make transcriptsspeech-to-text inside editors
3. Log and selectwatch everything; mark selects; make stringoutssummarizing transcripts, finding topics and quotes
4. Paper editplan the story from the transcript: soundbites in ordera chat assistant drafts it from a timecoded transcript
5. Assemblylay everything in story order, long and loosetext-based editing builds it from the paper edit
6. Rough cutstructure works; length close; B-roll roughed instructure notes, B-roll ideas, generated B-roll for gaps
7. Fine cuttrims to the frame, rhythm, J- and L-cuts, final B-rollreview notes against your goals
8. Picture locktiming frozenexport lists and EDLs for hand-off
9. Sounddialogue cleanup, room tone, effects, music edit, mix to loudness targetvoice isolation, auto ducking, music retiming
10. Colornormalize log, correct, match, gradeauto color match as a starting point
11. Graphics and captionstitles, lower thirds, captionsauto captions, caption cleanup prompts
12. QC and deliverwatch it all; export per platform; archive project and mediaspec sheets and checklists

An offline edit uses proxies; the online (or conform) relinks to full-quality media for finishing. Avoid fine-tuning sound and color before picture lock: every timing change after that is rework.

1 organize 2 paper edit 3 assembly 4 rough cut 5 fine cut 6 picture lock 7 sound, color 8 QC, deliver ORGANIZE copy and back up, sync, transcribe, mark the selects PAPER EDIT soundbites from the transcript, in story order ASSEMBLY everything in story order, long and loose ROUGH CUT the structure works; B-roll roughed in FINE CUT trimmed to the frame; J- and L-cuts; final B-roll PICTURE LOCK timing is frozen: no more changes to the cut SOUND, COLOR, CAPTIONS finishing work on top of the locked timing QC AND DELIVER watch it all, export each version, archive A cam B cam B-roll 40 min interview on 2 cameras + 15 min of B-roll; the green ones are selects 01:02:10 2 01:03:52 01:05:44 3 01:07:03 01:09:31 1 01:11:18 story order 1 01:09:31 2 01:02:10 3 01:05:44 exact words, in and out timecodes V2 V1 A1 A2 C ≈ 3 min ≈ 75 s 60 s B-roll audio edits offset from picture edits locked sound and color start now graded picture music, ducked captions plus dialogue cleanup, room tone and a loudness target 16:9 for YouTube 9:16 Reel captions in SRT file master SRT ProRes check flash frames, sync, captions, safe areas, loudness

1/8

Organize: copy the cards with verification, back up, sync the audio, transcribe, and mark the best takes (selects).

The cut gets shorter and tighter until picture lock; finishing work starts only after it.

Editing craft

Story, pacing and rhythm

  • Structure first. Order beats so each answers a question the last one raised. If a section can be removed without the viewer missing it, remove it.
  • Pace by information. Cut when the viewer has understood the shot, not when it ends. Hold longer on emotion.
  • Vary the rhythm. Fast stretches need slow ones around them to feel fast.
  • Cut for the ear. Speech has rhythm: cut on breaths and sentence ends, and remove false starts and repetition.
  • Speech length. Narration typically runs about 130–160 words per minute; a 60-second script is roughly 140 words.

Cuts and transitions

TechniqueWhat it doesUse when
Straight cutinstant changedefault; most cuts
Cut on actionhides the cut in movementmoving between angles of the same action
J-cutsound leads pictureintroducing a new scene or speaker smoothly
L-cutsound trails pictureletting a line land over reaction or B-roll
Match cutlinks two shots by shape, motion or soundjumps in time or place with meaning
Jump cutskips time in one shotenergetic vlogs; deliberate discontinuity
Smash cutabrupt contrastcomedy, shock
Cross dissolveone shot fades through the othertime passing; use sparingly
Fade to or from blackopens or closesstarts, endings, big breaks
time 0 s 2 s 4 s 6 s 8 s V1 picture A1 sound interview street B-roll oven her voice oven door, hum you see you hear her her voice the street her voice the street the oven the oven the oven L-cut J-cut sound trails the picture sound leads the picture the outlines are the letters: each clip's sound reaches under its neighbor

L-cut: the sound trails the picture. J-cut: the sound leads it. Sound and picture changing at different moments smooths the cut.

Shots, coverage and continuity

  • 180° rule. Crossing the line flips screen direction: two people seem to swap sides. Re-establish with a shot on the line, a moving camera that crosses it, or a cutaway.
  • 30° rule. Two shots of the same subject from almost the same angle read as a jump; cut to a different size or angle, or cover with B-roll.
  • Interview cuts. Hide cuts in an interview with B-roll, a change of angle, or a punch-in; or own them as jump cuts.
  • Continuity. Watch hands, props, drinks, hair and light across cuts; viewers notice more than you expect.
seen from above the line A B A B A B A 1 2 3 safe side: keep cameras here across the line camera 1 A left, B right camera 2 A still looks right camera 3 A and B swap sides to cross it: cut via a shot on the line, a camera move across it, or a cutaway
The 180° rule: cut from camera 1 or 2 to camera 3 and the two people seem to swap places.

Sound

Viewers forgive bad picture before bad sound.

TaskHowWatch for
Dialogueconsistent level, noise reduction, EQ, de-essingover-processed "underwater" voice
Room tonelay it under the whole scene; fill every gapsudden dead silence between cuts
Sound designambience and effects that sell the placeB-roll that is silent
Music bededit music on its phrases; end on a musical endingmusic fighting the voice; cuts mid-phrase
Duckinglower music while people talk, by keyframes or automatic duckingpumping (music bouncing up and down)
Mix and loudnessmeasure integrated loudness and true peak at the endclipping; very different loudness between versions
TargetIntegrated loudnessTrue peak
EBU R 128 (European broadcast)−23 LUFS−1 dBTP
ATSC A/85 (US broadcast)−24 LKFS (LKFS and LUFS are the same scale)per the broadcaster's spec, often −2 dBTP
Web and social video (common practice, not a single standard)about −14 to −16 LUFS−1 dBTP

Streaming platforms normalize loudness during playback, so mixing much louder than these gains nothing and can cost dynamics.

Color

StepWhatTools
1. Normalizeconvert log footage to the display color space (Rec.709 for SDR) with the camera maker's LUT or a color space transformLUT, color space transform
2. Correctfix exposure, white balance, contrastwaveform, RGB parade
3. Matchmake shots in a scene look like the same momentside-by-side, scopes, auto match
4. Gradeapply the creative lookcurves, color wheels, creative LUTs
5. Secondariestargeted fixes: skin tones, sky, a distracting colorqualifiers, masks, vectorscope skin-tone line
6. Checkreview on a calibrated display and on a phonescopes, reference monitor

A creative LUT dropped straight on log footage is the most common amateur look: crushed shadows, odd skin. Correct first, then look.

Technical specs

Frame rates and shutter

Frame rateWhere it is usedNotes
23.976 or 24 fpsfilm, most narrative, many YouTube creatorsthe "film look" motion
25 fpsbroadcast in PAL regions (Europe, much of Asia, Africa, Australia)matches 50 Hz mains lighting
29.97 or 30 fpsbroadcast in NTSC regions (US, Japan), much online videomatches 60 Hz mains lighting (North America)
50, 59.94 or 60 fpssports, gaming, smooth motioncan be slowed to 40–50% on a 24 or 30 fps timeline
120 fps and upslow motionconform to the timeline rate for slow playback

The 180° shutter rule sets shutter speed to 1 ÷ (2 × fps): 1/48 (or 1/50) at 24 fps, 1/60 at 30, 1/120 at 60. Faster looks choppy, slower looks smeary. Edit on a timeline at the camera's frame rate; mixing rates causes judder that only careful conversion hides. Export at the same rate you shot.

Aspect ratios per platform

Platforms change specs and limits often; check each one's current help pages before delivering.

Platform or useAspect ratioTypical resolution
YouTube (standard), TV16:91920×1080, 3840×2160
YouTube Shorts, TikTok, Instagram Reels, Stories9:161080×1920
Instagram and Facebook feed4:5 or 1:11080×1350, 1080×1080
LinkedIn, X16:9, 1:1, 4:5 or 9:161080 px on the short side
Cinema1.85:1 (flat) or 2.39:1 (scope)as delivered to the venue

On vertical platforms, buttons, captions and the username overlay the bottom and right of the frame. Keep faces, text and logos in the central area, and test with the platform's own safe-zone guide or a screenshot of its UI.

Codecs, proxies and bit rate

CodecTypeUse
H.264 (AVC)long-GOP delivery codecuniversal delivery; heavy to edit
H.265 (HEVC)long-GOP, more efficient than H.2644K and HDR delivery; phones record it; heavier to decode
AV1efficient delivery codecused by streaming platforms; hardware support still varies
Apple ProRes (Proxy, LT, 422, 422 HQ, 4444)intra-frame editing and mastering codecediting, masters, hand-off
Avid DNxHD, DNxHRintra-frame editing and mastering codecthe same jobs, common in Avid workflows
Camera raw (Blackmagic RAW, REDCODE, ProRes RAW)sensor data with processing deferredmaximum grading latitude

Long-GOP codecs store complete frames only every so often and the differences in between: small files, slow scrubbing. Intra-frame codecs store every frame whole: large files, smooth editing. That is why editors make proxies (for example ProRes Proxy or DNxHR LB at half or quarter resolution) from long-GOP camera files.

Export settings per platform

DeliverableContainer and codecVideoAudio
YouTube (Google's recommended upload settings)MP4, H.264 High Profile, progressive, closed GOP of half the frame rate, variable bit ratesource frame rate; SDR 1080p ≈ 8 Mbps at 24–30 fps or 12 Mbps at 48–60; 4K ≈ 35–45 or 53–68 MbpsAAC-LC, 48 kHz
Vertical socialMP4, H.2641080×1920, source frame rate, a generous bit rate since the platform re-encodesAAC, 48 kHz
MasterMOV or MXF, ProRes 422 HQ or DNxHR HQ/HQXsource resolution and frame rateuncompressed PCM, plus separate stems (dialogue, music, effects)
Review linkMP4, H.2641080p, modest bit rate, timecode burned inAAC

Captions and subtitles

ItemWhat to know
FormatsSRT (simple, accepted almost everywhere), WebVTT (.vtt, web players, supports styling), SCC (US broadcast); open captions are burned into the picture
Line length and reading speedNetflix's English guide, a widely used reference: at most 42 characters per line, 2 lines, and up to 20 characters per second for adult programs (17 for children's)
SDHsubtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing add speaker IDs and sound cues: [door slams], [music fades]
AccessibilityWCAG requires captions for prerecorded video with audio (success criterion 1.2.2, level A)
Burned-in style1–2 lines, sentence case, high contrast (box or outline), inside the safe area, never covering faces
Proofreadauto captions miss names, jargon and punctuation; check every line and its timing

AI in the edit

Chat assistants

A chat assistant can't see your timeline. It works from what you give it: a transcript with timecodes, a log of shots, the script, an EDL or a list of clips. Some assistants accept video or frames, but don't trust their timestamps without checking.

JobGive itAsk forVerify
Scriptgoal, audience, length, voice, key factsscript with word count, timing, B-roll notes per linefacts; whether it sounds like the speaker
Shot listscript or outline, location, geartable: shot number, size, angle, movement, lens, action, audio, durationthat it is shootable with your crew and time
Paper edittimecoded transcriptsoundbites in order with in/out timecodes and exact wordsevery timecode and word exists verbatim
EDLthe approved paper edit with reel names and timecodesa CMX 3600-style text EDLit imports; Premiere Pro and DaVinci Resolve import EDLs, Final Cut Pro uses its own FCPXML
Hooksthe transcript or the strongest moments10 hooks of under 8 words, each tied to a timecodethe hook is in the footage and isn't misleading
Notesa description of the cut, or a timecoded list of sectionsstructure notes ranked by impactthat notes fit your goal and footage

A frankenbite is a soundbite stitched from words said at different times. It can change what someone meant; in documentary and journalism it is an ethics problem. Ask the model to mark every edit inside a sentence.

TITLE: BAKER_60S_V1
FCM: NON-DROP FRAME
 
001  A001C003 V     C        01:02:10:05 01:02:18:12 00:00:00:00 00:00:08:07
002  A001C007 V     C        01:05:44:00 01:05:49:10 00:00:08:07 00:00:13:17

Each line is one event: number, source reel, track, transition (C for cut), source in and out, record in and out. The lines above are illustrative at 24 fps.

AI features in editors

Premiere Pro, DaVinci Resolve, Final Cut Pro and CapCut each offer some of these, under different names, in different tiers and versions. Features change quickly, so check your editor's current documentation.

FeatureWhat it doesCheck
Transcript-based editingedit by deleting or rearranging words in a transcriptcuts land mid-breath or mid-word; add J- and L-cuts by hand
Auto captionsspeech-to-text captionsnames, jargon, punctuation, line breaks, timing
Silence and filler removalcuts pauses and "um"stoo tight feels breathless; meaning can change
Auto reframetracks the subject to make 9:16 or 1:1 versionsmisses the action, crops graphics; keyframe fixes
Scene cut detectionsplits a flattened file at its cutsfalse cuts on flashes and fast motion
Voice isolation, dialogue enhanceseparates speech from noiseartifacts if pushed too far
Auto duckinglowers music under speechset amounts and fades by ear
Music retiminglengthens or shortens a track to fitcheck the ending and the edit points
Auto color matchmatches a shot to a referenceskin tones; check scopes
Object masking and trackingisolates a person or objectedge flicker
Generative extend and filladds frames to a clip or removes objectsartifacts; disclose where required

Video generation for B-roll

Video generators (such as Runway, Veo, Sora, Kling and others) can fill B-roll gaps: establishing shots, abstract textures, simple actions. Their limits shape how you prompt.

Part of the promptExample
Shot size and angle"close-up, low angle"
Subject"a baker's flour-covered hands"
Action (one)"pressing and folding dough on a wooden counter"
Setting"small bakery kitchen, before dawn"
Camera movement (one)"slow push-in"; or "static, locked-off"
Lens and focus"50 mm, shallow depth of field, background softly blurred"
Lighting and time"warm practical light from a single bulb, blue window light"
Style"documentary, natural color, subtle film grain"
Pacing"slow, calm motion"
Audio (if the tool generates it)"quiet kitchen ambience, no music, no dialogue"
Settingsduration, aspect ratio, resolution, frame rate, seed

The same parts as a fill-in prompt for the generator (the shot list prompt in the library writes these for every gap):

[shot size: extreme wide | wide | medium | close-up | extreme close-up], [angle, e.g. low angle], of
[subject, e.g. a baker's flour-covered hands] [one action, e.g. pressing and folding dough]
in [setting and time, e.g. a small bakery kitchen before dawn].
Camera: [camera move: static | slow push-in | pan | tilt | tracking | handheld].
Lens: [lens, e.g. 50 mm, shallow depth of field].
Lighting: [lighting, e.g. warm light from a single bulb, blue window light].
Style: [style, e.g. documentary, natural color, subtle grain], to match footage shot on [camera, e.g. a Sony FX3 at 5600 K].
Motion: [pace, e.g. slow, calm]. Audio: [audio, e.g. kitchen ambience only, no music, no dialogue].
Duration [seconds, e.g. 5] s, aspect ratio [aspect ratio: 16:9 | 9:16 | 1:1], [frame rate: 24 | 25 | 30] fps.

Google's Veo prompt guide recommends describing what you want instead of writing "no" or "don't"; tools differ, and some accept a separate negative prompt.

LimitWhat to do
Short clips (commonly about 5–10 seconds per generation; some tools extend)plan B-roll as short shots; generate several and cut between them
Weak consistency across clips (faces, products, locations drift)use image-to-video from one approved still, start and end frames, or reference images
Text, logos, hands, physicsavoid them in the shot; add text as graphics in the editor
Mismatched specsgenerate at your aspect ratio; conform frame rate; grade to match your footage
Too cleanadd grain, match lens and color, mix in real ambience
Rights and disclosurecheck the tool's terms; don't depict real people without consent; platforms such as YouTube and TikTok ask creators to label realistic AI-generated content

Brief the model

The Slot column says where each input goes in the prompt skeleton that every full prompt below uses.

InputSlotWhy it mattersExample
Goal and one-sentence story<context>, <task>everything is cut toward it"why she quit finance to bake"
Platform, length, aspect ratio<context>sets pacing, structure and framing"Reels, 60 s, 9:16, mostly watched muted"
Audience<context>sets tone and what needs explaining"people thinking about a career change"
Footage inventory<materials>the model can only plan with what exists"40 min interview, 2 angles; B-roll log attached"
Timecoded transcript<materials>the raw material for paper edits and hooksspeaker labels, timecode every line
Style references<examples>turns "make it good" into choices; one you dislike, with why, sharpens it"pacing like a short documentary; calm, no whooshes"
Music<context>rhythm and mood"one acoustic track, 92 BPM, licensed"
Brand rules<requirements>fonts, colors, intro and outro"logo end card, 2 s, no intro"
Technical specs<context>, <requirements>frame rate, resolution, editor"23.976 fps, 4K, DaVinci Resolve"
Standards and rules<requirements>, <quality_bar>names the method instead of a persona"hook-body-payoff", "exact words only, mark [CUT]", "−14 LUFS"
Deliverables<requirements>, <output_format>versions and files"60 s 9:16 with burned-in captions; 3 min 16:9; SRT"
Output format<output_format>something you can act on in the editor"a table with timecodes, not prose"

What to ask for

StageDeliverableContents
Pre-productionscript or outlinebeats, lines, timing, B-roll notes
interview questionsopen questions that get stories, not yes or no
shot listsize, angle, movement, lens, action, audio, duration
B-roll listevery shot needed to cover the script
Loggingtranscript summarytopics with timecodes, strongest moments
selects listbest takes with reasons
Storypaper editsoundbites in order with in/out timecodes and exact words
structure options2–3 orders of the same material
hooks10 candidates with timecodes
CutB-roll planwhich shot covers which line, by timecode
rough cut notesstructure, pacing, clarity issues ranked
EDLevents for import or hand-off
Finishmusic cue sheetwhere music starts, changes and ends
sound planambience, effects, room tone, loudness target
color notesper scene: correction issues, look description
captionscleaned caption file, burned-in style spec
titles and lower thirdstext, timing, positions
Deliverexport spec sheetper platform: codec, resolution, frame rate, bit rate, audio, captions
QC checklistwhat to watch for before publishing

The prompt chain

Four prompts, run in order, for the field's main deliverable: an edit plan for one video, meaning a paper edit from the timecoded transcript (ready to become an EDL), with the B-roll, pacing and platform specs to build it. Stage 1 gets the brief out of you, stage 2 makes you choose a structure, stage 3 writes the plan, and stage 4 checks it in a fresh chat, because a model reviewing its own draft shares its blind spots.

1. Interview

Run it first, when you have footage and only a rough idea of the video: it asks what an editor asks before cutting.

<context>
I have footage to edit into a video and I'm not an editor. What it
is: [one or two sentences, e.g. "a 40-minute interview with a baker
who left finance, plus some bakery footage"]. Where it goes: [e.g.
Instagram, maybe YouTube too].
</context>
 
<task>
Interview me before any edit is planned. I'll use my answers to
brief an edit plan: a paper edit from the transcript, with pacing
and platform specs.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- At most 10 questions, grouped under: Story, Viewer and platform,
  Material, Structure, Delivery and rules.
- Cover the one-sentence story; the feeling at the end; the hook;
  who watches, where, and with sound on or off; length; the footage
  and transcript I have; the frame rate; the structure (three-act or
  hook-body-payoff); music and its license; captions; versions; and
  whether soundbites may be joined across answers.
- For each question: why it matters, and 2–3 typical answers.
</requirements>
 
<output_format>
Numbered questions under the five group headings, each with a
"Why:" line and a "Typical:" line.
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask the questions and stop. Don't plan the edit yet. When I have
answered, write my answers back as a brief of at most 12 bullets and
list what is still missing.
</process>

2. Options

Run it with the brief and the transcript: the same footage supports several structures, and the choice is yours.

<materials>
[paste the brief from stage 1]
[paste the timecoded transcript]
</materials>
 
<task>
Propose 3 materially different structures for this video from the
same material, so I can pick one to build as a paper edit.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- The structures differ in order and shape, not only in the hook:
  for example a chronological three-act; a cold open on the
  strongest moment, then back to the start; hook-body-payoff built
  around one question.
- For each: the hook (timecode and exact words); the beats in order,
  each with its soundbite and timecodes; the turn; the last line; the
  estimated running time; what is lost; the B-roll it needs; the
  risks (meaning changed by reordering, a missing shot).
- Only words that are in the transcript.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [CHECK
  TIMECODE] where a timecode is uncertain.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- Each structure tells the one-sentence story by the end.
- Each hook is in the footage and isn't misleading.
- The three would feel different to a viewer, not just reordered.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
One short table per structure (beat | in–out | exact words), then a
comparison table and a recommendation in 3 sentences: which, why,
and what would change your mind.
</output_format>
 
<process>
Stop after the recommendation and wait for my choice. End with a
list of the assumptions you made.
</process>

3. Produce

Run it with the structure you picked: it writes the paper edit, the pacing and the delivery specs together, so the cut fits every platform it goes to.

<materials>
[paste the brief and the structure you chose]
[paste the timecoded transcript, with speaker labels]
[paste the B-roll log: clip name, timecode, what is in it]
</materials>
 
<context>
Video: [one-sentence story, e.g. "she traded money for mornings she
loves, and doesn't regret it"], for [audience, e.g. people thinking
about a career change].
Format: [format: interview documentary | explainer | vlog | multicam podcast | promo]
Footage: [cameras, resolution and frame rate, e.g. two angles, 4K,
23.976 fps].
Editor: [editor: Premiere Pro | DaVinci Resolve | Final Cut Pro | CapCut]
Versions: [versions: 9:16 Reels/TikTok/Shorts | 16:9 YouTube | 4:5 feed | 1:1 feed], length [e.g. 60 s].
Music: [track, BPM and license, e.g. "one acoustic track, 92 BPM,
licensed for social"].
</context>
 
<examples>
Edits I like: [1–2 videos, each with what to take, e.g. "calm
pacing, holds on faces, no whooshes"]
One I don't: [one, with why, e.g. "a jump cut every second"]
</examples>
 
<task>
Write an edit plan: a paper edit I can assemble from, a B-roll and
sound plan, a pacing map and the delivery specs, so I can build the
rough cut and export every version.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- Paper edit: each soundbite with source clip, in and out timecode,
  speaker and exact words; any cut inside a sentence marked [CUT];
  no join across answers that changes the meaning (no frankenbites).
  Enter late, leave early.
- The chosen structure, with its beats labeled (hook, body beats and
  payoff, or the three acts); the hook in the first seconds.
- For each soundbite: the B-roll that covers it, and a J-cut or
  L-cut where the sound should lead or trail the picture.
- A pacing map: running time per beat, where to hold on emotion,
  where the music changes; cut choices by Murch's rule of six
  (emotion and story before rhythm).
- Delivery per version: aspect ratio and resolution, the frame rate
  as shot, codec and container, captions (at most 42 characters per
  line and 2 lines), loudness about −14 LUFS integrated and −1 dBTP
  true peak for web (−23 LUFS, EBU R 128, for broadcast).
- An event list in CMX 3600 EDL fields at the project frame rate.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [CHECK
  TIMECODE] where a timecode or word isn't in the transcript, and
  [NEEDS SOURCE] for any fact said on screen.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- Every soundbite's words and timecodes match the transcript
  exactly.
- The running time adds up to the target, beat by beat.
- The one-sentence story is clear by the end; every beat earns its
  place.
- Each version's specs match its platform: aspect ratio, safe area,
  loudness, captions.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
1. A paper edit table (# | beat | clip | in | out | exact words |
B-roll | J/L cut | running total). 2. A pacing map (beat | seconds |
note). 3. Music and sound notes, at most 5 bullets. 4. A delivery
table, one row per version (aspect ratio | resolution | fps | codec
| captions | loudness). 5. The EDL event list as plain text.
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask me up to 3 questions first if anything missing would change
your answer; otherwise go on. End with a list of the assumptions you
made.
</process>

4. Review

Run it in a fresh chat with the transcript, the brief and the plan: the critic should not be the author.

<materials>
<transcript>
[paste the timecoded transcript]
</transcript>
<brief>
[paste the brief]
</brief>
<draft>
[paste the edit plan]
</draft>
</materials>
 
<task>
Review this edit plan before I assemble it. This is a fresh chat:
judge it only against what is here.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- For every soundbite: quote the transcript line it came from, with
  its timecode; flag any mismatch in words or timecodes, any cut
  inside a sentence not marked [CUT], and any join that changes the
  meaning.
- Score each check 1–5 with one line of evidence: story; hook;
  pacing; cuts (motivated, J- and L-cuts placed); truthfulness; the
  sound plan; specs per platform; rights (music, generated shots).
- Add up the running time and compare it with the target.
- Don't rewrite the plan. Don't praise it.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [CHECK
  TIMECODE] where you can't find a line.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- Every flag quotes the transcript.
- Fixes are ranked by their effect on the viewer, worst first.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
A verification table (# | words in the plan | words in the
transcript | match), a score table, then at most 7 fixes ranked.
</output_format>
 
<process>
End with a list of the assumptions you made.
</process>

Goals and loops

In an agent that runs commands and checks its own work, such as Claude Code, the Produce stage can run until it measurably passes: /goal keeps starting turns until a condition holds, and /loop repeats a prompt or skill on an interval. The checker reads only the conversation, so every condition below names a check whose output Claude prints, the constraints that must survive, and a bound. How to write your own: Goals and loops.

TaskCompletion condition
Delivery check/goal ffprobe shows 1080x1920 at 30 fps and a duration under 60 s, ffmpeg -i out.mp4 -af ebur128=peak=true -f null - reports integrated loudness of −14 LUFS ±1 and true peak at or below −1 dBTP (quote its summary), and no caption line is over 42 characters (print the longest); or stop after 10 turns
Paper edit/goal edl.csv covers every soundbite in the plan, every row's timecodes exist in the transcript (print the check), and no row joins two answers without a [CUT] mark; or stop after 10 turns
Captions/goal python check_srt.py captions.srt reports no overlapping cues, at most two lines and 42 characters per line, and at most 20 characters per second (show its summary); or stop after 8 turns

Loops that fit: while a long render or upload runs, /loop 10m to check its progress and report when it finishes or fails.

What a checker can't judge: pacing, emotion and whether the story lands. Watch it, ideally with someone who hasn't seen it.

Prompt library

One entry per thing an editor, producer or finishing artist hands over. Quick is the minimum that still works; Full fills in the skeleton. Replace every […] and delete the optional slots you leave empty.

Script

Stage: produce · Use when: you need a script for a talking-head, explainer or voice-over video before you shoot.

Quick

Write a script for a [length, e.g. 60-second] [platform: Reels | TikTok | Shorts | YouTube]
video for [audience, e.g. first-time founders]: a table of time range,
spoken words, and B-roll or on-screen text per line, at about 140
words per minute, with 3 hook options under 8 words. Check the word
count fits the length, and mark claims I must verify [NEEDS SOURCE].

Full

<materials>
[paste key facts, notes or an outline, or write "none"]
</materials>
 
<context>
Video: [length, e.g. 90 s] for [platform: Reels | TikTok | Shorts | YouTube | LinkedIn], [aspect ratio: 9:16 | 16:9 | 4:5 | 1:1].
Audience: [who, e.g. people thinking about a career change].
Goal: [what viewers should think, feel or do, e.g. "book a trial class"].
Speaker: [who, and how they talk, e.g. "the baker: plain, warm,
short sentences"].
Viewing: [sound: mostly muted | mostly sound on].
</context>
 
<examples>
Scripts or videos I like: [1–2, each with what to take, e.g. "talks
straight to camera, one idea per line"]
One I don't: [one, with why, e.g. "opens with 'hi guys'"]
</examples>
 
<task>
Write a shooting script, so the speaker can record it and I can plan
the B-roll from it.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- Structure: [structure: hook-body-payoff | three-act | problem-solution | list].
- Spoken words at about 130–160 words per minute; state the word
  count.
- 3 alternative hooks under 8 words; the first line also works
  muted, as on-screen text.
- B-roll or on-screen text for every line, from things that can be
  filmed.
- Must include: [facts and the call to action, e.g. "classes start
  in May; link in bio"].
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [NEEDS
  SOURCE] for any claim I must verify.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- The hook gives a reason to stay within the first seconds.
- The word count fits the length at the speaker's pace.
- Read aloud, every line sounds like the speaker.
- Every line has a picture.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
The 3 hooks, then a table (time range | spoken words | B-roll or
on-screen text), then the word count and running time.
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask me up to 3 questions first if anything missing would change
your answer; otherwise go on. End with a list of the assumptions you
made.
</process>

Shot list

Stage: produce · Use when: before a shoot, or when the footage can't cover the script and you must decide what to film, buy or generate.

Quick

From this script [paste], make a shot list for [location, e.g. a small
bakery] with [crew and gear, e.g. 2 people, one camera, 24–70 mm]:
shot number, script line, size, angle, movement, lens, action, audio,
duration, priority. Group by setup, mark gaps stock or a video
generator could fill, and check every script line is covered.

Full

<materials>
[paste the script or paper edit]
[paste the footage log, if some is already shot]
</materials>
 
<context>
Shoot: [location and time, e.g. a small bakery, 5–9 a.m.], crew of
[number, e.g. 2], [camera and lenses, e.g. one mirrorless camera,
24–70 mm], [hours, e.g. 4] to shoot.
Delivery: [aspect ratio: 16:9 | 9:16 | both], at [frame rate: 23.976 | 24 | 25 | 29.97 | 30] fps.
Footage look: [e.g. "natural light, 35 mm feel, slight grain"].
</context>
 
<task>
Write a shot list and a B-roll gap plan, so the shoot covers every
line and I know how each gap gets filled.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- Columns: shot number; the script line it covers; shot size (EWS to
  ECU); angle; camera movement; lens; action; audio needs; duration;
  priority (must or nice).
- Grouped by setup to save time; the 180° rule kept for two-person
  scenes.
- 5 cutaways or inserts that can cover jump cuts in the interview.
- For each line with no coverage: film it, use stock, use a screen
  recording or generate it. For generated shots, a video-generation
  prompt: shot size, subject, one action, setting, one camera move,
  lens, lighting, style matched to the footage look, duration,
  aspect ratio and frame rate.
- No generated shots that need readable text, logos, hands doing
  precise work, or real people's faces.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [NEEDS
  SOURCE] where support is missing.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- Every script line has at least one shot.
- The list fits the hours given (durations plus setup changes).
- Generated shots match the real footage in lens, light and color.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
The shot list as a table grouped by setup, then a gap table (script
line | solution | generation prompt, if generated).
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask me up to 3 questions first if anything missing would change
your answer; otherwise go on. End with a list of the assumptions you
made.
</process>

Short-form clips

Stage: produce · Use when: you are turning a long video, interview or podcast into vertical clips.

Quick

From this transcript of a [source, e.g. 45-minute podcast] [paste], find
the 3 best moments for [platform: Reels | TikTok | Shorts] clips of [clip length, e.g. 30–60 s]:
in and out timecodes, why each stands alone, 5 on-screen hooks under 8
words, and where to punch in or add B-roll. Exact words only; check
each clip makes sense to someone who hasn't seen the rest.

Full

<materials>
[paste the timecoded transcript, with speaker labels]
</materials>
 
<context>
Source: [what it is, e.g. a 50-minute video podcast, two cameras].
Clips for: [platform: Reels | TikTok | Shorts], 9:16, [clip length, e.g. 30–60 s].
Audience: [who, e.g. small-business owners].
Viewing: mostly muted, so the captions carry the story.
</context>
 
<examples>
Clips I like: [1–2, each with what to take, e.g. "opens mid-sentence
on the punchline, then explains"]
One I don't: [one, with why, e.g. "the hook is a tease the clip
never pays off"]
</examples>
 
<task>
Pick and plan [number, e.g. 3] short clips, so I can cut them
without watching the whole source again.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- Each clip stands alone: it makes sense to someone who hasn't seen
  the rest, with its own hook, body and payoff.
- In and out timecodes and exact words; any cut inside a sentence
  marked [CUT]; no change of meaning.
- 5 hook options per clip: on-screen text under 8 words, plus a
  spoken opener if the clip should start elsewhere.
- Something changes on screen every few seconds (punch-ins, B-roll,
  on-screen text), with timecodes.
- Burned-in captions inside the safe area, clear of the platform's
  buttons along the bottom and right.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [CHECK
  TIMECODE] where a timecode is uncertain.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- Every hook is in the footage and isn't misleading.
- Each clip's running time is within the target.
- Each clip works watched muted, with captions only.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
Per clip: a header (title, in–out, running time), a table (timecode
| words | on-screen change), the 5 hooks and the post caption.
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask me up to 3 questions first if anything missing would change
your answer; otherwise go on. End with a list of the assumptions you
made.
</process>

Caption file

Stage: produce · Use when: your editor made auto captions and you need them correct before you publish.

Quick

Clean up this SRT from auto captions [paste]. Correct these names and
terms: [paste the list]. Fix punctuation and casing; at most 42
characters per line and 2 lines per caption; split at phrase breaks;
keep timecodes unless a caption must split. Return valid SRT, then
list every change, and check no other word changed.

Full

<materials>
[paste the SRT or VTT file]
[paste names, places and terms with their correct spelling]
</materials>
 
<context>
Video: [what it is and who for, e.g. a bakery interview for adults].
Captions: [captions: open, burned in | closed, as a file | both]
Kind: [kind: same-language captions | SDH with sound cues | translated subtitles]
Platform: [e.g. Instagram Reels and YouTube].
</context>
 
<task>
Correct and reformat the caption file, so it is accurate, readable
and accepted on upload.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- House style from Netflix's English timed-text guide: at most 42
  characters per line and 2 lines, up to 20 characters per second
  for adult programs (17 for children's).
- Fix the spelling of the names and terms given, punctuation and
  casing.
- Split at natural phrase breaks; never split a name across lines.
- Keep every timecode unless a caption must split; then divide the
  time at the phrase break.
- For SDH: speaker IDs and sound cues in square brackets.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [CHECK
  AUDIO] where you can't tell what was said; never guess a word.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- The file parses: sequential numbers, HH:MM:SS,mmm --> HH:MM:SS,mmm
  timings, a blank line between captions.
- No caption runs over 2 lines, 42 characters per line or 20
  characters per second.
- No word changed except the listed corrections.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
The corrected file in one code block, then a change table (caption
number | before | after | reason).
</output_format>
 
<process>
End with a list of the assumptions you made.
</process>

Sound plan

Stage: produce · Use when: picture is locked and you need music, ambience and loudness that make the cut feel finished.

Quick

My locked cut as sections with timecodes: [paste]. Music: [track, e.g.
2:40, 92 BPM, intro-verse-chorus-outro]. Make a music cue sheet (start,
changes, hits, ducks, an ending on a phrase that lands on the last
frame) and a sound plan (ambience, effects, room tone) for [target: web −14 LUFS | broadcast −23 LUFS].
Check that music never covers a line of dialogue without a duck.

Full

<materials>
[paste the locked cut as sections: timecode in–out, what is said,
what is on screen]
</materials>
 
<context>
Music: [track, length, BPM and structure, e.g. "2:40, 92 BPM: intro
8 bars, verse, chorus, outro"], licensed for [use, e.g. social and
YouTube].
Delivery: [target: web about −14 LUFS | broadcast EBU R 128 −23 LUFS | US broadcast ATSC A/85 −24 LKFS | podcast feed −16 LUFS]
Editor: [editor: Premiere Pro | DaVinci Resolve | Final Cut Pro | CapCut]
</context>
 
<examples>
Mixes I like: [1–2 videos, each with what to take, e.g. "music almost
gone under speech, swelling only on B-roll"]
One I don't: [one, with why, e.g. "music pumps up between every
sentence"]
</examples>
 
<task>
Write a music cue sheet and a sound plan for the locked cut, so I
can finish the audio in one pass.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- Cue sheet: where music starts, changes, hits a beat and ends;
  edit points on musical phrases; the ending lands on the last frame.
- Ducking: where music drops under dialogue, by how many dB, and
  the fade lengths, without pumping.
- Sound plan: ambience per scene, effects for B-roll that would
  otherwise be silent, room tone under every gap.
- Loudness: the integrated target and the true-peak ceiling,
  measured on the full mix with an ITU-R BS.1770 meter.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [NEEDS
  SOURCE] where support is missing, and label dB amounts as starting
  points to set by ear.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- No music sits under speech without a duck.
- Every music edit falls on a phrase boundary.
- Every B-roll shot has sound.
- The loudness targets match the delivery chosen.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
A cue table (timecode | music event | level | note), a sound table
(timecode | ambience or effect | source), and the mix targets in 3
lines.
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask me up to 3 questions first if anything missing would change
your answer; otherwise go on. End with a list of the assumptions you
made.
</process>

Color notes

Stage: produce · Use when: the camera shot log and the footage looks gray and flat, or shots in a scene don't match.

Quick

I shot [camera and log profile, e.g. Sony FX3, S-Log3] for SDR web,
editing in [editor: Premiere Pro | DaVinci Resolve | Final Cut Pro]. Give me the color order
(normalize to Rec.709, correct, match, grade, secondaries), the scopes
to read for exposure and skin, and how to build a [look, e.g. warm
early-morning] look from basic tools. Check skin on the vectorscope.

Full

<materials>
[optional: describe or attach stills of the problem shots]
</materials>
 
<context>
Footage: [camera and log profile, e.g. Sony FX3, S-Log3 and S-Gamut3.Cine], white balance [e.g. 5600 K, fixed].
Delivery: [delivery: SDR Rec.709 web | SDR broadcast | HDR]
Editor: [editor: Premiere Pro | DaVinci Resolve | Final Cut Pro]
Scenes: [list, e.g. interview angle A, angle B, bakery B-roll under
mixed light].
</context>
 
<examples>
Looks I like: [1–2 films or videos, each with what to take, e.g.
"soft contrast, warm highlights, natural skin"]
One I don't: [one, with why, e.g. "crushed teal-and-orange"]
</examples>
 
<task>
Write color notes and a pipeline for this project, so every shot is
corrected, matched and graded in the right order.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- Order: normalize log to Rec.709 (the maker's LUT or a color space
  transform); correct exposure, white balance and contrast; match
  the shots in each scene; grade; then secondaries.
- Per scene: the correction issues to look for and the shot to
  match to.
- Scopes: what to read on the waveform, RGB parade and vectorscope
  for exposure, balance and skin tones.
- The look as basic adjustments (curves, color wheels, saturation),
  not a downloaded creative LUT.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [NEEDS
  SOURCE] where support is missing, and label values as starting
  points.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- No creative look goes on before normalizing and correcting.
- Skin tones are checked against the vectorscope's skin-tone line.
- The grade is checked on a calibrated display and on a phone.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
The pipeline as numbered steps for the chosen editor, a per-scene
table (scene | issue | fix | match to), and the look as a recipe.
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask me up to 3 questions first if anything missing would change
your answer; otherwise go on. End with a list of the assumptions you
made.
</process>

Delivery spec

Stage: produce · Use when: the cut is finished and every export must be right the first time, with a QC pass before upload.

Quick

I'm delivering [project, e.g. a 3-minute brand film] as [versions, e.g.
YouTube 16:9, Reels 9:16, a master]. Source: [e.g. 4K, 23.976 fps,
Rec.709]. Make a delivery table (container, codec, resolution, fps, bit
rate, audio, loudness, captions, file name) and a QC checklist, and
mark [VERIFY] beside every platform spec to confirm on its help page.

Full

<materials>
[optional: the client's delivery spec, or the platform help pages
you checked]
[paste the cut list: sections with timecodes]
</materials>
 
<context>
Project: [what it is, e.g. a 3-minute brand film and its cutdowns].
Source: [resolution, frame rate and color space, e.g. 4K, 23.976
fps, Rec.709].
Versions: [versions: 16:9 YouTube | 9:16 Reels/TikTok/Shorts | 4:5 feed | 1:1 feed | master | review link]
Editor: [editor: Premiere Pro | DaVinci Resolve | Final Cut Pro | CapCut]
</context>
 
<task>
Write a delivery spec and a QC checklist, so every version exports
correctly and nothing broken reaches a platform or the client.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- Per version: container and codec; resolution; the frame rate as
  shot; bit rate; audio codec and sample rate; loudness; captions
  (burned in or a file); safe areas; file name.
- YouTube per Google's recommended upload settings; the master as
  ProRes 422 HQ or DNxHR HQ with PCM audio and separate stems; the
  review link with timecode burned in.
- A QC checklist with timecodes from the cut list: flash frames,
  black frames, sync, audio pops, caption errors and timing, text
  under platform UI, loudness jumps between sections, the end card.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [VERIFY]
  beside each platform spec I should confirm on its current help
  page.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- Every version keeps the source frame rate.
- Nothing important sits under the platform UI in vertical versions.
- Every loudness value matches its destination.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
A delivery table with one row per version, then the QC checklist as
checkboxes with timecodes.
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask me up to 3 questions first if anything missing would change
your answer; otherwise go on. End with a list of the assumptions you
made.
</process>

Rough cut review

Stage: review · Use when: you have a cut and want an editor's notes before you trim it.

Quick

Review my rough cut, given as sections with timecodes, words and
pictures: [paste]. Goal: [e.g. viewers book a class]; target [e.g. 60
s], now [e.g. 1:35]. Notes in order: story, pacing, clarity, then cuts,
each with timecode, problem and fix, plus what to lose to hit the
target. Skip color and sound, and check every note names a timecode.

Full

<materials>
<brief>
[paste the brief or the one-sentence story]
</brief>
<cut>
[paste the cut as sections: timecode in–out, what is said, what is
on screen]
</cut>
</materials>
 
<context>
Stage: [stage: assembly | rough cut | fine cut]
Length: target [e.g. 60 s], now [e.g. 1:35].
Platform: [platform: Reels | TikTok | Shorts | YouTube | LinkedIn]
</context>
 
<examples>
A cut I'd like this to feel like: [one video, with what it does
well]
</examples>
 
<task>
Give editor's notes on the cut, so I know what to change before the
next version.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- Notes in priority order: story and structure, then pacing, then
  clarity, then individual cuts (Murch's rule of six: emotion and
  story before rhythm and eye-trace).
- For each note: the timecode, the problem and a specific fix.
- What to cut to reach the target length, with timecodes.
- Notes that fit the stage: at a rough cut, structure, not trims.
- Don't comment on color or sound yet. Don't rewrite the cut.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [CHECK
  TIMECODE] where a timecode is uncertain.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- Every note names a timecode.
- After the fixes, the one-sentence story is clear by the end.
- The proposed cuts add up to the seconds needed.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
A notes table (priority | timecode | problem | fix), then the cut
list (timecode | seconds saved | running total).
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask me up to 3 questions first if anything missing would change
your answer; otherwise go on. End with a list of the assumptions you
made.
</process>

Worked example

Weak prompt

Edit my interview with the baker into a cool short video for
Instagram.

What's wrong

  • The model can't see the footage, so all it can give is generic tips.
  • No length, aspect ratio, story, audience or hook.
  • No transcript or footage log: nothing to cut from.
  • No output you can follow in an editor, and "cool" means nothing.

Strong prompt

<materials>
<transcript>
[paste the timecoded transcript of the 40-minute interview]
</transcript>
<broll>
[paste the B-roll log: clip, timecode, what is in it]
</broll>
</materials>
 
<context>
A 40-minute interview with a baker who left a finance job: two
angles, 4K, 23.976 fps, plus 15 minutes of bakery B-roll. The video
is for people considering a career change. Story in one sentence:
"she traded money for mornings she loves, and doesn't regret it."
Feeling at the end: hopeful, a little defiant.
</context>
 
<task>
Build a paper edit for a 60-second Instagram Reel, so I can assemble
it in DaVinci Resolve.
</task>
 
<requirements>
- Hook-body-payoff: a hook in her own words, three beats, a last
  line.
- Each soundbite: clip, in and out timecodes, exact words; any cut
  inside a sentence marked [CUT]; never join answers in a way that
  changes what she meant.
- About 55 s of speech in total.
- For each soundbite, the B-roll from my log that covers it, and a
  J-cut or L-cut into it where that helps.
- One music change, placed by timecode.
- 9:16 with burned-in captions; most viewers watch muted.
- Never invent numbers, names, quotes or sources: write [CHECK
  TIMECODE] where you can't find a line in the transcript.
</requirements>
 
<quality_bar>
Before answering, check your draft against:
- Every soundbite's words and timecodes match the transcript.
- No join changes her meaning.
- The running time adds up to about 55 s.
- The first line works as on-screen text with the sound off.
</quality_bar>
 
<output_format>
Five hook options (timecode and exact words), then a table: # | beat
| clip | in | out | exact words | B-roll | J/L cut | running total.
Then the music change in one line.
</output_format>
 
<process>
Ask me up to 3 questions first if anything missing would change your
answer; otherwise go on. End with a list of the assumptions you made.
</process>

What came back

The reply, illustrative, abridged (timecodes at 23.976 fps, so the last field counts frames 0–23):

Hooks
1  00:04:12:08  "I made more money and hated every day."
2  00:22:40:02  "Four a.m. is my favorite hour now."
...
 
#  Beat    Clip      In           Out          Exact words                               B-roll               Cut  Total
1  Hook    A001C003  00:04:12:08  00:04:15:20  "I made more money and hated every day."   -                    -    3.5 s
2  Then    A001C003  00:06:01:12  00:06:13:00  "I'd sit in the quarterly review          B07 office window,   L    15.0 s
                                               counting ceiling tiles. [CUT] I knew I'd   dusk
                                               do that for thirty more years."
3  Turn    A001C004  00:18:22:00  00:18:34:12  "My grandmother's starter sat in my        B03 starter jar,     J    27.5 s
                                               fridge for six years. One Saturday I       hands
                                               baked with it..."
4  Now     A001C005  00:22:40:02  00:22:56:02  "Four a.m. is my favorite hour now. [CUT]  B11 ovens at dawn    L    43.5 s
                                               It's just me, the ovens and the radio..."
5  Payoff  A001C003  00:12:41:03  00:31:09:12  "I don't miss it. The money was never      B15 her, smiling     -    48.5 s
                                               the point."
6  End     A001C005  00:38:02:10  00:38:08:10  "If you're thinking about it, start on     -                    -    54.5 s
                                               a Saturday."
 
Music change at 27.5 s (row 3, the turn): sparse piano into the full
acoustic track.
Assumptions: B-roll codes refer to your log; she is happy for the
grandmother story to be used.

How an expert judged it

Checked against the prompt's <quality_bar>:

  • First line muted: pass. The hook is her own words, 3.5 s long, and reads as on-screen text.
  • Story: pass. Then, turn, now, payoff tells the one-sentence story, and the music change lands on the turn.
  • Running time: pass on its own sums, 54.5 s; but row 5's 5 s can't come from its in and out points, which are 18 minutes apart.
  • No join changes her meaning: fail on row 5. Those in and out points can't be one soundbite: it joins two answers with no [CUT] mark. In the transcript, "I don't miss it" at 00:12:41 is about the commute, and at 00:31:05 she says "I do miss the money, honestly. But the money was never the point." The join drops "I do miss the money" and makes her say the opposite. That is a frankenbite, the one thing the brief ruled out.
  • J- and L-cuts: pass. L-cuts carry her voice over the B-roll; the J-cut lets the kitchen sound arrive before the turn's first picture.
  • Not yet checked: whether rows 2–4 are word for word. That is stage 4's job, in a fresh chat.

The follow-up

Row 5 joins 00:12:41 ("I don't miss it", which is about the commute)
to 00:31:05, where she says "I do miss the money, honestly. But the
money was never the point." The join reverses her meaning. Replace
row 5 with one continuous soundbite that makes the payoff in her own
words (00:31:05:00–00:31:09:12, kept whole, is a candidate), or keep
a join only if her meaning survives, marked [CUT]. Then quote the
transcript line and timecode for every row, and update the running
total.

Judge the output

The same checks are the ones in every <quality_bar> on this sheet. Use the table to judge any answer, and paste it into the review stage when a model should score a draft for you in a fresh chat.

CheckGoodRed flag
Storythe one-sentence story is clear by the endinteresting moments with no through-line
Hookthe first seconds give a reason to staya slow intro, logo or "hi guys"
Pacingvaries; holds on emotion; cuts when the point is madesame shot length throughout; dead air; breathless jump cuts
Cutseach one motivated; continuity holds; 180° respectedjumps between similar angles; crossed lines; flash frames (a stray frame or two of another shot)
Truthfulnesssoundbites keep the speaker's meaningfrankenbites that change what was said
Soundclean dialogue, room tone under gaps, music ducked, consistent loudnesspops at cuts, silent gaps, music drowning speech, clipping
Colorshots matched; skin tones natural; no unconverted logflat gray footage; mismatched angles; orange or green skin
Captionsaccurate, well timed, readable, inside safe areasmisspelled names; captions under platform UI
Specsright aspect ratio, frame rate, codec, bit rate, loudnessletterboxed vertical video; judder; wrong frame rate
Rightsmusic and generated footage licensed; AI content labeled where requiredunlicensed tracks; unlabeled realistic AI shots

Pitfalls

PitfallWhy it hurtsInstead
Expecting a chat model to "edit the video"it can't see or touch your timelinegive it transcripts and logs; ask for paper edits and plans
Trusting AI timecodesmodels misquote, merge or invent timecodesdemand exact words and verify every one
Cutting before knowing the storyhours lost to polishing the wrong cutwrite the one-sentence story and paper edit first
Polishing before picture lockcolor and sound work is redone after every changelock picture first
Creative LUT straight on logcrushed shadows, odd skinnormalize, correct, then grade
Music too loudviewers miss words, especially on phone speakersduck under speech; test on a phone
Auto captions unreviewedwrong names and words in publicproofread every caption
Over-aggressive silence removalspeech sounds roboticleave breaths; remove only dead air
AI B-roll that doesn't matchthe cut looks pasted togethermatch lens, light, grain and color; keep shots short
One export for every platformcrops, letterboxing, unreadable textdeliver a version per aspect ratio with its own framing

References